The principles of graphic design are as follows, according to ChatGPT. While graphic design is a broad concept, at this site I will put this topic in the context of data visualizations.

1. Contrast: The use of contrasting elements, such as color, size, and shape, to create interest and hierarchy in a design.
2. Repetition: The repeating of visual elements, such as lines, shapes, and colors, to create a sense of unity and consistency in a design.
3. Alignment: The arrangement of elements in a design to create a sense of order and structure, which can make the design more visually appealing and easier to navigate.
4. Proximity: The grouping of related elements in a design to create a sense of cohesion and to guide the viewer’s eye to important information.
5. Hierarchy: The use of visual cues, such as size, color, and placement, to indicate the importance of information in a design.
6. Balance: The distribution of visual weight in a design to create a sense of stability and equilibrium.
7. White Space: The use of empty space around elements in a design to create a sense of openness and to help focus the viewer’s attention.
8. Scale: The use of size to create a sense of hierarchy and to emphasize certain elements in a design.
9. Unity: The overall sense of cohesion and harmony in a design, achieved through the consistent use of visual elements, such as color, type, and imagery.

Others are Emphasis and Proportion and Movement and Variety.

What are the nine design principles according to the course at Coursera titled Google Data Analytics? They are Balance, Emphasis, Movement, Pattern, Repetition, Proportion, Rhythm, Variety and Unity.

An example of using proportion would be making one of your dashboard charts larger than the others, thereby drawing attention to it. Your data visualization should have an emphasis, or focal point. Where does the viewer’s eyes go to? They should move to the most important data. You could use colour to do this. Movement can refer to the path the viewer’s eye travels as they look at a data visualization, or literal movement created by animations. Your visualizations should have some variety in the chart types, lines, shapes, colors, and values you use. Variety keeps the audience engaged but too much variety can be confusing.